{"id":142,"date":"2025-07-22T01:34:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T01:34:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lexcentra.ai\/blog\/?p=142"},"modified":"2025-07-22T01:34:54","modified_gmt":"2025-07-22T01:34:54","slug":"bao-wipha-2025-phan-tich-toan-dien-cac-van-de-phap-ly-ve-thien-tai-tai-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/blog\/bao-wipha-2025-phan-tich-toan-dien-cac-van-de-phap-ly-ve-thien-tai-tai-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e3o Wipha 2025: Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n C\u00e1c V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd V\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Tai T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/lexcentra.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-13.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-13.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-13-300x188.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-13-768x480.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1edf \u0110\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean tai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. B\u00e3o Wipha, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 3 trong n\u0103m 2025, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5. T\u1eeb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n khi g\u1eb7p thi\u00ean tai, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e3o Wipha v\u00e0 thi\u00ean tai n\u00f3i chung t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Manus AI<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: 21 th\u00e1ng 7, 2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc: 15-20 ph\u00fat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. T\u00ecnh H\u00ecnh B\u00e3o Wipha 2025<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e3o Wipha h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2025 tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n Philippines v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o s\u1ed1 3 khi \u0111i v\u00e0o Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 7 [2]. V\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p 10, gi\u1eadt c\u1ea5p 12, b\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u00e3o Wipha c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n Qu\u1ed1c gia, b\u00e3o di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 15-20 km\/h, c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n l\u01b0u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t khi ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 [3]. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u00e3o Wipha \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u1ed1c m\u00e1i, nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb s\u1ea1t l\u1edf, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng [4]. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai g\u00e2y ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 156 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015, thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi thi\u00ean tai [5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"625\" src=\"https:\/\/lexcentra.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-14.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-14.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-14-300x188.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-14-768x480.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e3o Wipha c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Khung Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd V\u1ec1 Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1. Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai: N\u1ec1n T\u1ea3ng Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai s\u1ed1 33\/2013\/QH13 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2013 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2014, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam [6]. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung b\u1edfi Lu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 60\/2020\/QH14 ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2020, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2021, nh\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf [7]. Nh\u1eefng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh thi\u00ean tai ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e3o Wipha hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 1 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt, ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u00ean tai, t\u1eeb d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2. Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n Trong Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 4 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 &#8220;Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00fap nhau&#8221; [8].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1p l\u00fd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng&#8221; c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e2m &#8220;B\u1ed1n T\u1ea1i Ch\u1ed7&#8221; v\u00e0 \u00dd Ngh\u0129a Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m &#8220;b\u1ed1n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7&#8221;: ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, v\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 [9]. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd ph\u00e1p l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m &#8220;b\u1ed1n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7&#8221; t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi thi\u00ean tai. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p x\u00e3, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 huy, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1edbi thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e3o Wipha, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m &#8220;b\u1ed1n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7&#8221; tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o. N\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4. H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc V\u1ec1 Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1eadp trung th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng [10]. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong khi B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 Ban Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n, do Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0m Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n cao nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 b\u00e3o Wipha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd C\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Trong Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m D\u1ef1 B\u00e1o, C\u1ea3nh B\u00e1o Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean tai. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 16 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1eafc, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i [11].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e3o Wipha, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o. Trung t\u00e2m D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7y v\u0103n Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: N\u1ebfu c\u01a1 quan d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng? Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 584 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m [12].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai, lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3, thi\u1ebfu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c vi ph\u1ea1m quy tr\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u01a1 quan d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c S\u01a1 T\u00e1n, Di D\u1eddi D\u00e2n C\u01b0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 26 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p &#8220;S\u01a1 t\u00e1n, di d\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ra kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m&#8221; [13]. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n, di d\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 &#8211; n\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103m 2020, c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao 12 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n d\u00e2n c\u01b0 khi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai [14].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e3o Wipha v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n d\u00e2n c\u01b0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. N\u1ebfu s\u01a1 t\u00e1n qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu s\u01a1 t\u00e1n qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8220;k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi&#8221; trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u00ean tai b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 b\u00e3o Wipha l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3. Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m \u0110\u1ea3m B\u1ea3o An Ninh, Tr\u1eadt T\u1ef1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 29 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m &#8220;B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an ninh, tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra thi\u00ean tai&#8221; [15].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh thi\u00ean tai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Khi thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u00f4ng an nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. Theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 30\/2017\/N\u0110-CP, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tham gia \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n [16]. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e3o Wipha, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4. Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m H\u1ed7 Tr\u1ee3 Kh\u1eafc Ph\u1ee5c H\u1eadu Qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 02\/2022\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean tai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 theo c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 [17].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, m\u1ea5t t\u00edch do thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi ph\u00ed mai t\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng 50 l\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 25 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng do thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng 10 l\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (kho\u1ea3ng 5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u00e0 \u1edf, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c nhu y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, c\u00f4ng khai, minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Quy\u1ec1n L\u1ee3i V\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 C\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi D\u00e2n Khi G\u1eb7p Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1. Quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00f4ng Tin K\u1ecbp Th\u1eddi V\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 12 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n &#8220;\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean tai, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai&#8221; [18]. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh thi\u00ean tai ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 b\u00e3o Wipha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh thi\u00ean tai. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i, t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, vi\u1ec7c lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean tai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c minh th\u00f4ng tin tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chia s\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2. Quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed7 Tr\u1ee3 Khi B\u1ecb Thi\u1ec7t H\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n khi g\u1eb7p thi\u00ean tai l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 12 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n &#8220;\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean tai theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt&#8221; [19].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 02\/2022\/N\u0110-CP, c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi ph\u00ed mai t\u00e1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, m\u1ea5t t\u00edch do thi\u00ean tai: t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 50 l\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng: t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 10 l\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u1edf b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e2u, v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u01b0a t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng minh b\u1ea1ch trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3. Quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 An To\u00e0n T\u00ednh M\u1ea1ng V\u00e0 T\u00e0i S\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 12 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8220;B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n khi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra&#8221; [20]. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1edfi Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n khi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai, quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n khi g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m trong th\u1eddi gian thi\u00ean tai. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e3o Wipha, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m cao nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n, v\u00f9ng tr\u0169ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4. Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 Ch\u1ea5p H\u00e0nh L\u1ec7nh S\u01a1 T\u00e1n, Di D\u1eddi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai. Theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 13 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 &#8220;Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n, di d\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n khi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra thi\u00ean tai&#8221; [21].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1p l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n chung. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u1ebfu g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 n\u01a1i s\u01a1 t\u00e1n an to\u00e0n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.5. Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 Tham Gia Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 13 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i &#8220;Tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt&#8221; [22]. Ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n &#8220;c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00fap nhau&#8221; trong ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai; tham gia x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai; tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e3o Wipha v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.6. Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea3n Tr\u1edf Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng Ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi &#8220;C\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai&#8221; [23]. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00e2y ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5c l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai. Do \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u1eed l\u00fd nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn truy c\u1ee9u tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 vi ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Thi\u00ean Tai: Th\u1ef1c Tr\u1ea1ng V\u00e0 Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"625\" src=\"https:\/\/lexcentra.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-15.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-15.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-15-300x188.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-15-768x480.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1. Th\u1ef1c Tr\u1ea1ng B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Thi\u00ean Tai T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c g\u00f3i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p [24].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 5% ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai, m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t [25]. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n khi g\u1eb7p thi\u00ean tai nh\u01b0 b\u00e3o Wipha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Th\u1ee9 hai, chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u00f2n cao so v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Th\u1ee9 ba, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2. Khung Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd V\u1ec1 B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1edfi Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m 2022 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi h\u00e0nh [26]. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu mang t\u00ednh chung, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 6 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 \u1edf, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m khi c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3. C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Li\u00ean Quan \u0110\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai. H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u00e0o tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng [27].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n\/t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb thi\u00ean tai. Tuy nhi\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam do nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t xe: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai g\u00e2y ra. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e3o Wipha, nhi\u1ec1u xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5, ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i chi tr\u1ea3 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.4. Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c Trong Vi\u1ec7c B\u1ed3i Th\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 tranh ch\u1ea5p. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u1eeb C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m (B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh), \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i chi tr\u1ea3 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 7.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng do b\u00e3o s\u1ed1 3 (Yagi) n\u0103m 2024 g\u00e2y ra [28]. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang thi\u00ean tai. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng do ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u00e9m ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.5. Vai Tr\u00f2 C\u1ee7a T\u00e1i B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Trong Ph\u00e2n T\u00e1n R\u1ee7i Ro<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Do quy m\u00f4 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m phi nh\u00e2n th\u1ecd t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n r\u1ee7i ro [29]. T\u00e1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi tr\u1ea3 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn khi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00e1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c. Khi thi\u00ean tai x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e1i b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.6. H\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n B\u1ea3o Hi\u1ec3m Thi\u00ean Tai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Theo Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam [30].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh (B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi UNDP t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai, nh\u1eb1m chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam [31].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Qu\u1ef9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. Qu\u1ef9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng t\u01b0, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.7. Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd C\u1ea7n Gi\u1ea3i Quy\u1ebft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd: C\u1ea7n ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean tai, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u r\u1ee7i ro: C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t: C\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai, bao g\u1ed3m \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i thu\u1ebf, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn V\u00e0 Khuy\u1ebfn Ngh\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1. Nh\u1eefng B\u00e0i H\u1ecdc T\u1eeb B\u00e3o Wipha 2025<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e3o Wipha 2025 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean tai th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00e3o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hot trend v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 500.000 l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, b\u00e3o Wipha \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai. Th\u1ee9 hai, c\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai. Th\u1ee9 ba, c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2. Khuy\u1ebfn Ngh\u1ecb V\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0n Thi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p Lu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n s\u1edbm ban h\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, tr\u00e1nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n ban h\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed5 sung ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai trong Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u00e1n l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.3. Khuy\u1ebfn Ngh\u1ecb Cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi D\u00e2n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean tai t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n, di d\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc mua b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022Tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.4. T\u1ea7m Nh\u00ecn T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, thi\u00ean tai s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e3o Wipha 2025 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o&#8221; v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai. Ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean tai g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u1ec9 khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e0i Li\u1ec7u Tham Kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>[2] B\u00e1o Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng &#8211; &#8220;D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi gian m\u01b0a to nh\u1ea5t do b\u00e3o s\u1ed1 3 Wipha v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng m\u01b0a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m&#8221;, 21\/07\/2025: <a href=\"https:\/\/laodong.vn\/moi-truong\/du-bao-thoi-gian-mua-to-nhat-do-bao-so-3-wipha-va-vung-mua-trong-tam-1543967.ldo\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/laodong.vn\/moi-truong\/du-bao-thoi-gian-mua-to-nhat-do-bao-so-3-wipha-va-vung-mua-trong-tam-1543967.ldo<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[3] VnExpress &#8211; &#8220;B\u00e3o Wipha c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i khi ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9&#8221;, 21\/07\/2025: <a href=\"https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/bao-wipha-co-dau-hieu-manh-tro-lai-khi-tien-vao-vinh-bac-bo-4916705.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/bao-wipha-co-dau-hieu-manh-tro-lai-khi-tien-vao-vinh-bac-bo-4916705.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[4] Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb &#8211; &#8220;V\u1eeba v\u00e0o v\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, b\u00e3o s\u1ed1 3 Wipha m\u1ea1nh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5p 10, gi\u1eadt c\u1ea5p 12&#8221;, 21\/07\/2025: <a href=\"https:\/\/tuoitre.vn\/vua-vao-vinh-bac-bo-bao-so-3-wipha-manh-tro-lai-cap-10-giat-cap-12-20250721135920274.htm\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/tuoitre.vn\/vua-vao-vinh-bac-bo-bao-so-3-wipha-manh-tro-lai-cap-10-giat-cap-12-20250721135920274.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[5] B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015, \u0110i\u1ec1u 156 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[6] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai s\u1ed1 33\/2013\/QH13: <a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Van-hoa-Xa-hoi\/Luat-phong-chong-thien-tai-nam-2013-197310.aspx\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Van-hoa-Xa-hoi\/Luat-phong-chong-thien-tai-nam-2013-197310.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[7] Lu\u1eadt s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai s\u1ed1 60\/2020\/QH14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[8] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 4 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[9] Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt &#8211; &#8220;M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/chinh-sach-phap-luat-moi\/vn\/ho-tro-phap-luat\/tu-van-phap-luat\/71042\/chinh-sach-cua-nha-nuoc-trong-phong-chong-thien-tai\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/chinh-sach-phap-luat-moi\/vn\/ho-tro-phap-luat\/tu-van-phap-luat\/71042\/chinh-sach-cua-nha-nuoc-trong-phong-chong-thien-tai<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[10] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[11] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 16 v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[12] B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015, \u0110i\u1ec1u 584 v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[13] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 26 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[14] X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch &#8211; &#8220;12 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/xaydungchinhsach.chinhphu.vn\/12-nhiem-vu-trong-tam-cua-cap-xa-trong-cong-tac-quan-ly-de-dieu-va-phong-chong-thien-tai-1192507201016298.htm\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/xaydungchinhsach.chinhphu.vn\/12-nhiem-vu-trong-tam-cua-cap-xa-trong-cong-tac-quan-ly-de-dieu-va-phong-chong-thien-tai-1192507201016298.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[15] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 29 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an ninh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[16] Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 30\/2017\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, thi\u00ean tai v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[17] Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 02\/2022\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean tai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[18] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 12 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[19] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 12 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[20] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 12 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[21] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 13 v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[22] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, \u0110i\u1ec1u 13 v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[23] Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai 2013, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[24] B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh &#8211; &#8220;Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai nh\u1eb1m \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean tai&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/mof.gov.vn\/webcenter\/portal\/ttpltc\/pages_r\/l\/chi-tiet-tin-ttpltc?dDocName=UCMTMP122522\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/mof.gov.vn\/webcenter\/portal\/ttpltc\/pages_r\/l\/chi-tiet-tin-ttpltc?dDocName=UCMTMP122522<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[25] T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh &#8211; &#8220;B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m thi\u00ean tai &#8211; Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/tapchitaichinh.vn\/bao-hiem-thien-tai-khai-niem-con-xa-la-voi-nhieu-nguoi-dan.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/tapchitaichinh.vn\/bao-hiem-thien-tai-khai-niem-con-xa-la-voi-nhieu-nguoi-dan.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[26] Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[27] Tokio Marine Vi\u1ec7t Nam &#8211; &#8220;B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m m\u1ecdi r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/tokiomarine.com.vn\/bao-hiem-moi-rui-ro-tai-san.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/tokiomarine.com.vn\/bao-hiem-moi-rui-ro-tai-san.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[28] B\u00e1o Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 &#8211; &#8220;\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi tr\u1ea3 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m do B\u00e3o s\u1ed1 3 v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t g\u00e2y ra kho\u1ea3ng 7.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/baochinhphu.vn\/uoc-tinh-chi-tra-boi-thuong-bao-hiem-do-bao-so-3-va-lu-lut-gay-ra-khoang-7000-ty-dong-10224091220002562.htm\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/baochinhphu.vn\/uoc-tinh-chi-tra-boi-thuong-bao-hiem-do-bao-so-3-va-lu-lut-gay-ra-khoang-7000-ty-dong-10224091220002562.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[29] BIC &#8211; &#8220;C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai ra sao?&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/bic.vn\/noi-dung\/tin-thi-truong-bh\/cac-cong-ty-bao-hiem-phan-tan-rui-ro-thien-tai-ra-sao.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/bic.vn\/noi-dung\/tin-thi-truong-bh\/cac-cong-ty-bao-hiem-phan-tan-rui-ro-thien-tai-ra-sao.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[30] Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[31] B\u00e1o Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 &#8211; &#8220;Chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m r\u1ee7i ro thi\u00ean tai&#8221;: <a href=\"https:\/\/baochinhphu.vn\/chia-se-kinh-nghiem-ve-giai-phap-tai-chinh-va-bao-hiem-rui-ro-thien-tai-102241114161332164.htm\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/baochinhphu.vn\/chia-se-kinh-nghiem-ve-giai-phap-tai-chinh-va-bao-hiem-rui-ro-thien-tai-102241114161332164.htm<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1edf \u0110\u1ea7u Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean tai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. B\u00e3o Wipha, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 3 trong n\u0103m 2025, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":144,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-viet"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>B\u00e3o Wipha 2025: Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n C\u00e1c V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p L\u00fd V\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Tai T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Lexcentra Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u00e3o Wipha, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 3 trong n\u0103m 2025, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.lexcentra.ai\/blog\/bao-wipha-2025-phan-tich-toan-dien-cac-van-de-phap-ly-ve-thien-tai-tai-viet-nam\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"B\u00e3o Wipha 2025: Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch To\u00e0n 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