Ng\u00e0y 8\/7\/2025, v\u1ee5 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hot trend tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 1\/7\/2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh Long, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7t danh Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp”, b\u1ecb C\u00f4ng an TP H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng b\u1eaft gi\u1eef v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1ec9 8 ng\u00e0y sau khi Lu\u1eadt s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2025 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung t\u1ed9i danh m\u1edbi “S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay” t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u00ednh th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 14h ng\u00e0y 8\/7\/2025, Ph\u00f2ng C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m ma t\u00fay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng an x\u00e3 Ki\u1ebfn Minh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1eaft qu\u1ea3 tang Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh Long (37 tu\u1ed5i, \u1edf th\u00f4n Qu\u1ebf L\u00e2m, x\u00e3 Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee5y, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng) c\u00f9ng hai \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tu\u1ea5n \u1edf th\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng, x\u00e3 Ki\u1ebfn Minh [1].<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh Long, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7t danh Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp”, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 Facebook, TikTok v\u00e0 YouTube. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c video b\u00e0y t\u1ecf quan \u0111i\u1ec3m “giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng” v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n rao gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, thu h\u00fat m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb [2].<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f9ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef v\u1edbi Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tu\u1ea5n (sinh n\u0103m 1983, tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i th\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng, x\u00e3 Ki\u1ebfn Minh, TP H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng) v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n \u0110\u1ea1o (sinh n\u0103m 1984). Theo th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb c\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng an, c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb t\u1ea1m gi\u1eef h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 255 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 [3].<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n kh\u00e1 cao. Theo c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y t\u1eebng thi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hai l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00f4n H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 [4]. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00ec danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1edfi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra – ch\u1ec9 8 ng\u00e0y sau khi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y 1\/7\/2025 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi Lu\u1eadt s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2025 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i “S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay”, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh sang x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 [5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 3 n\u0103m [6]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: \u0110ang trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cai nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c thay th\u1ebf. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 hai: \u0110ang trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sau cai nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn trong th\u1eddi gian qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 ba: \u0110ang trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 2 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y h\u1ebft th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sau cai nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay v\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: \u0110ang trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 2 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u1ef1 \u00fd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cai nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c thay th\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecf d\u1edf gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, m\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean t\u1eeb 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 5 n\u0103m t\u00f9 [7]. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m, nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y 1\/7\/2025, h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 144\/2021\/N\u0110-CP v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 500.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 t\u1ecbch thu tang v\u1eadt, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p cai nghi\u1ec7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf cai nghi\u1ec7n [8].<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh sang x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n khi ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e v\u00e0 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c, Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi hai t\u1ed9i danh ch\u00ednh theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed9i “T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay” (\u0110i\u1ec1u 255 BLHS): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i danh ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng an \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1. Theo Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n C\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ma t\u00fay v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng nhau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay [9].<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra “b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c ma t\u00fay” (nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua ma t\u00fay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng), th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed9i “S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay” (\u0110i\u1ec1u 256a BLHS): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i danh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 1\/7\/2025. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed9i danh n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a hay kh\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” c\u00f3 t\u1eebng tham gia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i “T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay”:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khung h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n theo kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 255 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 7 n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p “\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u00ean”), n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khung t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng theo kho\u1ea3n 2 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 7 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 15 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 khung h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i “S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay”:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a, Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9 t\u1eeb 2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 3 n\u0103m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m, m\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3-5 n\u0103m t\u00f9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi ph\u1ea1m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd<\/a> r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p \u0111ang l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u1eedi \u0111i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd nghi\u00eam minh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi ph\u1ea1m s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 r\u0103n \u0111e \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung t\u1ed9i “S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay” v\u00e0o B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u0103n \u0111e m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n [10].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ma t\u00fay. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay nghi\u00eam t\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 ma t\u00fay t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng khi ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, mua b\u00e1n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef ma t\u00fay nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd [11].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u01a1n. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ma t\u00fay \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n: Vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ma t\u00fay v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt: C\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng an s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi ph\u1ea1m. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cai nghi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 cai nghi\u1ec7n: Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay nghi\u00eam t\u00fac tham gia v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, cai nghi\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng an v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf, cai nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c: Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e9t x\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i: Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay v\u00e0o t\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sau khi ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh xong h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Singapore, Malaysia \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t [12].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra ch\u1ec9 8 ng\u00e0y sau khi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 256a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i “S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay” th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh sang x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp”, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi khung h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 7 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 n\u0103m t\u00f9 theo t\u1ed9i “T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay” do c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd nghi\u00eam minh v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u1eedi \u0111i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n ma t\u00fay c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, cai nghi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c Ti\u1ebfn “B\u1ecbp” s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd b\u1edfi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1] VnExpress. (2025). “Tiktoker Ti\u1ebfn ‘B\u1ecbp’ b\u1ecb b\u1eaft do d\u00f9ng ma tu\u00fd”. https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/tiktoker-tien-bip-bi-bat-4911798.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [2] Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb. (2025). “B\u1eaft Ti\u1ebfn ‘b\u1ecbp’, giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng ‘n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng’ \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng”. https:\/\/tuoitre.vn\/bat-tien-bip-giang-ho-mang-noi-tieng-o-hai-phong-20250708213604276.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [3] B\u00e1o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng. (2025). “Giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng Ti\u1ebfn ‘B\u1ecbp’ b\u1ecb b\u1eaft”. https:\/\/baomoi.com\/giang-ho-mang-tien-bip-bi-bat-c52702379.epi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [4] D\u00e2n Tr\u00ed. (2025). “Ti\u1ebfn ‘B\u1ecbp’ t\u1eebng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ecfi, l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn”. https:\/\/dantri.com.vn\/phap-luat\/tien-bip-tung-tot-nghiep-dai-hoc-loai-gioi-la-ky-su-cua-tap-doan-lon-20250709130743772.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [5] Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. (2025). “B\u1ed5 sung t\u1ed9i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay t\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb 01\/7\/2025”. https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/chinh-sach-phap-luat-moi\/vn\/ho-tro-phap-luat\/chinh-sach-moi\/88682\/bo-sung-toi-su-dung-trai-phep-chat-ma-tuy-tai-bo-luat-hinh-su-tu-01-7-2025<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [6] PLO. (2025). “T\u1eeb 1-7, khi n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tu\u00fd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1?”. https:\/\/plo.vn\/tu-1-7-khi-nao-su-dung-ma-tuy-se-bi-xu-ly-hinh-su-post858200.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [7] Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n. (2025). “Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1”. https:\/\/nhandan.vn\/nhung-truong-hop-nao-su-dung-ma-tuy-se-bi-xu-ly-hinh-su-post891167.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [8] Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. (2025). “T\u1eeb 1\/7\/2025 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay \u0111i t\u00f9 bao nhi\u00eau n\u0103m?”. https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/phap-luat\/tu-172025-su-dung-ma-tuy-di-tu-bao-nhieu-nam-su-dung-trai-phep-chat-ma-tuy-co-the-bi-phat-5-nam-tu–223995.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [9] D\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t. (2025). “Giang h\u1ed3 m\u1ea1ng Ti\u1ebfn B\u1ecbp b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t n\u00e0o?”. https:\/\/danviet.vn\/giang-ho-mang-tien-bip-bi-bat-co-the-doi-mat-voi-hinh-phat-nao-d1346169.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [10] B\u00e1o Ngh\u1ec7 An. (2025). “T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1\/7\/2025 t\u1ed9i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay m\u1ee9c \u00e1n t\u00f9 bao nhi\u00eau n\u0103m?”. https:\/\/baonghean.vn\/tu-ngay-1-7-2025-toi-su-dung-ma-tuy-muc-an-tu-bao-nhieu-nam-10301515.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [11] Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 th\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn. (2025). “T\u1eeb 1\/7\/2025, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tu\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9”. https:\/\/luatsuthucchien.com\/tu-172025-nguoi-su-dung-ma-tuy-co-the-bi-phat-tu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00dd Ngh\u0129a V\u00e0 T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u1ee7a Quy \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
T\u0103ng C\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00ednh R\u0103n \u0110e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ho\u00e0n Thi\u1ec7n H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p Lu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ebfn C\u00f4ng T\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Ch\u1ed1ng Ma T\u00fay<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c Trong Vi\u1ec7c Th\u1ef1c Thi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Kinh Nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Tham Kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n